ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY II AND LABORATORY A - L

The aim is to provide background information on instrumental analytical chemistry with specific reference to spectroscopy and electrochemistry.

Class and laboratory experiments.

Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, changes with respect to previous statements may be introduced, in line with the outlined syllabus.

According to safety requirements linked to the pandemic, learning assessment may also be carried out online.

1. Spectroscopy

Electromagnetic radiation: photoelectric effect, diffraction, mathematical representation, electromegnetic spectrum, refraction, refraction index, Snell law, total internal reflection. Radiation-matter interaction: replection, transmission/adsorption, diffusion( Rayleigh, Mie, Raman). Polarization. Adsorption and emission of radiation. Atomic adsorption.

Molecular adsorption: vibration and rotation. Fluorescence and phosphorescence. Jablonski diagram.

2. UV-vis spectroscopy

Trasmittance, adsorbance, Beer’s law: limit, chemical deviations, instrumental deviations. Photometers and spectrophotometers. Spetrophotometers: single beam, double beams. Sources. Filters and monochromators. Prisms. Transducers.

3. Infrared spectroscopy

Armonic and anarmonic oscillators. Vibrational modes, Fourier transform. Michelson interferometer. Sources. Infrared spectra. Sample requirements. Diffuse reflectance. ATR. Ifrared microscopy.

Raman spectroscopy

Raman effect. Polarizability. Comparison with IR spectroscopy. Sources. Raman microscopy.

Electroanalytical methods. Potentiometry

X-ray Fluorescence.

Laser

Statistics.

Diodes. LED, Operational amplifiers.

Skoog, Holler, Nieman, “Principles of Instrumental Analysis”, Saunders College publishing.