SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF MACROMOLECULES 2

Properties that guide the selection of materials in engineering and structural applications. Price and availability of materials. Mechanical properties. Tensile tests. Elastic moduli; Linear and nonlinear elasticity.Physical basis of Young's modulus; Bond stiffness. Determination of Young's modulus. Hardness tests. Yield strength, tensile strength and ductility; Dislocations and yielding in crystals; Strengthening methods and plasticity of polycrystals; Continuum aspects of plastic flow; Fast fracture and toughness; Micromechanisms of fast fracture; Fatigue failure; Mechanism of fatigue. Fatigue design; Creep and creep fracture; Mechanisms of creep. Structure-property relationships. Outline of the theory of rubber elasticity. Viscoelastic properties of polymers. Constitutive equations. Compliance. Relaxation modulus. Dynamic mechanical properties. Dynamic mechanical measurements and study the structure of polymers and transitions. Time-temperature equivalence principle. Viscoelastic models. Yield and molecular architecture. Eyring model. Failure criteria for yield. Crazing and failure criteria. Toughness. Mechanical principles of brittle fracture of polymers. Mechanical properties of the fibers. The processing technologies of polymeric materials. Elements of rheology. Viscosity. Newtonian and non-Newtonian behavior. Dependence of viscosity on shear rate. Dependence of viscosity on molecular mass. Dependence of viscosity on temperature and pressure. Phenomena of elasticity of the melt. Constitutive equations of viscoelastic polymers melted. Rheometers. Principles of operation of machinery processing of polymeric materials. Molding. Extrusion. Injection molding. Calendering. Blow molding. Thermoforming. Rotational molding. Resin transfer molding. Polymer composites. Fibers and matrices. Glass fibers. Carbon fibers. Aramid fibers. Size of the fibers for composites. Composite particle. Mechanical properties. Micromechanics of the lamina. Hand lay-up processes. Spray-up Molding. Vacuum bagging. Forming in an autoclave. Resin Transfer Molding. Filament winding. Pultrusion. Technologies for thermoplastic matrix composites. Nanofillers (carbon nanofibers, clay, nanosilica, carbon nanotubes, graphene) and their nanocomposites: preparation methods and performance. Recycling of polymeric materials. Materials-process-property relationships in processing of recycled polymer. Recycling of polyolefins. Re-stabilization of recycled materials and new recycling technologies.

Class notes

Scienza e Ingegneria dei Materiali una introduzione (W. D. Callister, Jr. - Edises)

Fondamenti di scienza dei polimeri (A.I.M.-Pacini Editore)

Scienza e tecnologia dei materiali polimerici (Bruckner et al. – Edises).

Reologia dei materiali polimerici: scienza ed ingegneria (N. Grizzuti - Edizioni Nuova Cultura)

Introduction to physical polymer science (L.H.Sperling – Wiley)

An Introduction to mechanical properties of solid polymers (I.M. Ward-J.Sweeney – Wiley)

Fabbricazione di componenti in materiali polimerici (A.M. De Filippi - Hoepli)

Materiali compositi (I. Crivelli Visconti, G. Caprino, A. Langella - Hoepli)

Manufacturing processes for advanced composites (F.C. Campbell – Elsevier)

Ciclo di vita dei materiali polimerici - Atti del XXIX Convegno Scuola AIM (AIM - Pacini editore)